Author: Latreille, 1802
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Type species: Apis terrestris Linnaeus, 1758 monobasic.
Subgenera: Alpigenobombus Skorikov, 1914; Alpinobombus Skorikov, 1914; Bombias Robertson, 1903; Bombus s.str. Latreille, 1802; Cullumanobombus Vogt, 1911; Kallobombus Dalla Torre, 1880; Megabombus Dalla Torre 1880; Melanobombus Dalla Torre, 1880; Mendacibombus Skorikov, 1914; Psithyrus Lepeletier, 1833; Pyrobombus Dalla Torre, 1880; Sibiricobombus Vogt, 1911; Subterraneobombus Vogt, 1911; Thoracobombus Dalla Torre, 1880. Synonyms: Bremus Jurine, 1801 (invalidated by Commission Opinion 135, 1939); Bremus Panzer, 1804; Alpinibombus Skorikov, 1937; Nevadensibombus Skorikov, 1922; Boopobombus Frison, 1927; Apathus Newman, 1834; Agribombus Skorikov, 1938 |
Clade: Anthophila
Family: Apidae Subfamily: Apinae Tribe: Bombini |
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Distinctive traits
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Pictures of distinctive traits.
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Morphologically close genera, and how to distinguish them:
Anthophora and Habropoda species have non-aligned ocelli, often bear yellow-markings on the face and have no vein half-crossing the 1st submarginal cell.
- Bombus - Anthophora & Habropoda
Anthophora and Habropoda species have non-aligned ocelli, often bear yellow-markings on the face and have no vein half-crossing the 1st submarginal cell.
General comments on Bombus species identification
Bumblebees are common insects, which identification at the genus level is straightforward. However, species identification of Bombus species is deceivingly complicated.
It relies on subtle traits like cuticle punctation and shape of the labrum structure. The numerous convergences in colour pattern among Bombus species and the high intra-specific variation of bumblebee coloration makes colour-based species identification unreliable in most cases
Bumblebees are common insects, which identification at the genus level is straightforward. However, species identification of Bombus species is deceivingly complicated.
It relies on subtle traits like cuticle punctation and shape of the labrum structure. The numerous convergences in colour pattern among Bombus species and the high intra-specific variation of bumblebee coloration makes colour-based species identification unreliable in most cases
Sorry, but the species identification tool is not yet available for Bombus.
Please check the reference(s) at the bottom of the page for traditional keys.
Please check the reference(s) at the bottom of the page for traditional keys.
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List of the 68 Bombus species found in Europe (Ghisbain et al. 2023)
Bombus (Alpigenobombus) wurflenii Radoszkowski, 1859 Bombus (Alpinobombus) alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Bombus (Alpinobombus) balteatus Dahlbom, 1832 Bombus (Alpinobombus) hyperboreus Schonherr, 1809 Bombus (Alpinobombus) pyrrhopygus Friese, 1902 Bombus (Bombias) confusus Schenck, 1861 Bombus (Bombus) cryptarum (Fabricius, 1775) Bombus (Bombus) lucorum (Linnaeus, 1761) Bombus (Bombus) magnus Vogt, 1911 Bombus (Bombus) patagiatus Nylander, 1848 Bombus (Bombus) renardi Radoszkowski, 1884 Bombus (Bombus) sporadicus Nylander, 1848 Bombus (Bombus) terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) Bombus (Bombus) xanthopus (Kriechbaumer, 1870) Bombus (Cullumanobombus) cullumanus (Kirby, 1802) Bombus (Cullumanobombus) semenoviellus Skorikov, 1910 Bombus (Kallobombus) soroeensis (Fabricius, 1777) Bombus (Megabombus) argillaceus Scopoli, 1763 Bombus (Megabombus) consobrinus Dahlbom, 1832 Bombus (Megabombus) gerstaeckeri Morawitz, 1881 Bombus (Megabombus) hortorum (Linnaeus, 1761) Bombus (Megabombus) ruderatus (Fabricius, 1775) Bombus (Megabombus) saltuarius (Skorikov, 1923) Bombus (Melanobombus) bisiculus Lecocq, Biella, Martinet & Rasmont, 2019 Bombus (Melanobombus) lapidarius (Linnaeus, 1758) Bombus (Melanobombus) sichelii Radoszkowski, 1859 Bombus (Mendacibombus) mendax Gerstäcker, 1869 Bombus (Psithyrus) barbutellus (Kirby, 1802) Bombus (Psithyrus) bohemicus Seidl, 1838 Bombus (Psithyrus) campestris (Panzer, 1801) Bombus (Psithyrus) flavidus Eversmann, 1852 Bombus (Psithyrus) norvegicus (Sparre-Schneider, 1918) Bombus (Psithyrus) quadricolor (Lepeletier, 1832) Bombus (Psithyrus) rupestris (Fabricius, 1793) Bombus (Psithyrus) sylvestris (Lepeletier, 1832) Bombus (Psithyrus) vestalis (Geoffroy, 1785) |
Bombus (Pyrobombus) brodmannicus Vogt, 1909 Bombus (Pyrobombus) cingulatus Wahlberg, 1854 Bombus (Pyrobombus) glacialis Friese, 1902 Bombus (Pyrobombus) haematurus Kriechbaumer, 1870 Bombus (Pyrobombus) hypnorum (Linnaeus, 1758) Bombus (Pyrobombus) jonellus (Kirby, 1802) Bombus (Pyrobombus) konradini Reinig, 1965 Bombus (Pyrobombus) lapponicus (Fabricius, 1793) Bombus (Pyrobombus) modestus Eversmann, 1852 Bombus (Pyrobombus) monticola Smith, 1849 Bombus (Pyrobombus) pratorum (Linnaeus, 1761) Bombus (Pyrobombus) pyrenaeus Pérez, 1879 Bombus (Sibiricobombus) niveatus Kriechbaumer, 1870 Bombus (Subterraneobombus) distinguendus Morawitz, 1869 Bombus (Subterraneobombus) fragrans (Pallas, 1771) Bombus (Subterraneobombus) subterraneus (Linnaeus, 1758) Bombus (Thoracobombus) armeniacus Radoszkowski, 1877 Bombus (Thoracobombus) deuteronymus Schulz, 1879 Bombus (Thoracobombus) humilis Illiger, 1806 Bombus (Thoracobombus) inexspectatus (Tkalců, 1963) Bombus (Thoracobombus) laesus Morawitz, 1875 Bombus (Thoracobombus) mesomelas Gerstäcker, 1869 Bombus (Thoracobombus) mlokosievitzii Radoszkowski, 1877 Bombus (Thoracobombus) mucidus Gerstäcker, 1869 Bombus (Thoracobombus) muscorum (Linnaeus, 1758) Bombus (Thoracobombus) pascuorum (Scopoli, 1763) Bombus (Thoracobombus) pomorum (Panzer, 1805) Bombus (Thoracobombus) ruderarius (Müller, 1776) Bombus (Thoracobombus) schrencki Morawitz, 1881 Bombus (Thoracobombus) sylvarum (Linnaeus, 1761) Bombus (Thoracobombus) veteranus (Fabricius, 1793) Bombus (Thoracobombus) zonatus Smith, 1854 |
References with identification keys for some of the species:
- Pittioni, B. (1939) Die hummeln und Schwarotzerhummeln der Balkan-Halbinsel. Mitteilungen aus den Königl. Naturwissenschaftlichen Instituten, 12: 49 – 115.
- Løken, A., (1973) Studies on Scandinavian bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Norsk Entomol. Tidsskr., 20: I-218.
- Løken, A. (1984) Scandinavian species of the genus Psithyrus Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Entomologica Scandinavia (Supplement) 23: 1 – 45.
- Panfilov, D. V. 1978: (The keys for the species of FamilyApidae – Bees.). — In: Medvedev, G. S. (ed.), (Thekeys for insects of the European part of USSR) 3(1):508–519. Nauka, Leningrad. 584 pp. [In Russian.]
- Rasmont, P. 1984: Les bourdons du genre Bombus Latreille sensu stricto en Europe occidentale et central. Spixiana 7: 135–160.
- Rasmont, P., Scholl, A., De Jonghe, R., Obrecht, E., & Adamski, A. (1986). Identité et variabilité des mâles de bourdons du genre Bombus Latreille sensu stricto en Europe occidentale et centrale (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombinae). Revue suisse de Zoologie, 93(3), 661-682.
- Amiet, F., 1996. Hymenoptera, Apidae. 1. Allgemeiner Teil, Gattungsschlüssel, die Gattungen Apis, Bombus und Psithyrus. - Insecta Helvetica, Fauna 12: 98 p
- Falk S.J. (2015) Field Guide to the Bees of Great Britain and Ireland. Bloomsbury wildlife guides. 432
Online resources:
Bumble Key (Italy)
Atlas hymenoptera (Europe & Belgium)
BWARS (UK)
Discover Life (World)
WestPalBees (West Palearctic)
Bumble Key (Italy)
Atlas hymenoptera (Europe & Belgium)
BWARS (UK)
Discover Life (World)
WestPalBees (West Palearctic)
Page contributors:
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- Adrien Perrard (Dec. 2023)
- Adrien Perrard (Dec. 2019)
You noticed a mistake? You have a suggestion to improve this page?
Don't keep it to yourself, contact us and become a contributor to IDmyBee!
References used to write this page:
- Ghisbain, G., Rosa, P., Bogusch, P., Flaminio, S., Le Divelec, R., Dorchin, A., Kasparek, M., Kuhlmann, M., Litman, J., Mignot, M., Müller, A., Praz, C., Radchenko, V.G., Rasmont, P., Risch, S., Roberts, S.P.M., Smit, J., Wood, T.J., Michez, D. & Reverte, S. (2023). The new annotated checklist of the wild bees of Europe (Hymenoptera: Anthophila). Zootaxa, 5327(1), 1-147.
- Michener, C.D. 2007. The Bees of the World, 2nd Edition. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
- Michez D., Rasmont P., Terzo, M., Vereecken, N. 2019. Abeilles d'Europes. Hymenoptères d'Europes, Volume 1. N.A.P. Editions.
- Nieto, A., Roberts, S. P., Kemp, J., Rasmont, P., Kuhlmann, M., García Criado, M., ... & Michez, D. 2014. European red list of bees. Luxembourg: Publication Office of the European Union, 98.
- Rasmont, P., Devalez, Jelle, Pauly, A., Michez, D. & Radchenko, V.G. 2017. Addition to the checklist of IUCN European wild bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Annales de la Société entomologique de France 53: 17-32.