Author: Latreille, 1804
Type species: Apis quadricincta Fabricius, 1776, by designation of Richards, 1935: 170.
Subgenera: Halictus s.str. Latreille, 1804; Seladonia Robertson, 1918; Vestitohalictus Blüthgen, 1961. Synonyms: Pachyceble Moure, 1940; Placidohalictus Pesenko, 2004. |
Clade: Anthophila
Family: Halictidae Subfamily: Halictinae Tribe: Halictini |
Distinctive traits
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Pictures of distinctive traits.
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Morphologically close genera and how to distinguish them:
Lasioglossum species have submarginal vein 3 and recurrent vein 2 much less visible than submarginal vein 1. Hairs bands on the abdomen are at the basal part of the segments.
Thrincohalictus females have a truncated clypeus with only a short, rounded projection. Males have a strongly elongated head (malar space > 2x flagellum width).
Ceylalictus & Nomioides species are very small with a marginal cell rounded to truncated. Females have no furrow on T5.
Andrena and Colletes species have a basal vein straight or at most slightly curved.
Apidae and Megachilidae have long mouthparts (long-tongue morphology)
- Halictus - Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum species have submarginal vein 3 and recurrent vein 2 much less visible than submarginal vein 1. Hairs bands on the abdomen are at the basal part of the segments.
- Halictus - Thrincohalictus
Thrincohalictus females have a truncated clypeus with only a short, rounded projection. Males have a strongly elongated head (malar space > 2x flagellum width).
- Halictus - Ceylalictus & Nomioides
Ceylalictus & Nomioides species are very small with a marginal cell rounded to truncated. Females have no furrow on T5.
- Halictus - Andrena, Colletes
Andrena and Colletes species have a basal vein straight or at most slightly curved.
- Halictus - Apidae, Megachilidae
Apidae and Megachilidae have long mouthparts (long-tongue morphology)
General comments on Halictus species identification
Some of the species identification criteria are located on the wing venation, head shape, legs, scutum, propodeum and first abdominal tergites. The legs and wings need to be slightly spread out to reveal these characters.
Male identification often requires sternites and genitalia extraction, in addition to antennae and tibial spurs.
Some of the species identification criteria are located on the wing venation, head shape, legs, scutum, propodeum and first abdominal tergites. The legs and wings need to be slightly spread out to reveal these characters.
Male identification often requires sternites and genitalia extraction, in addition to antennae and tibial spurs.
Sorry, but the species identification tool is not yet available for Halictus.
Please check the reference(s) at the bottom of the page for traditional keys.
Please check the reference(s) at the bottom of the page for traditional keys.
List of the 75 Halictus species found in Europe (IUCN 2014 + Rasmont et al 2017):
Halictus (Halictus) adjikenticus Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) alfkenellus Strand, 1909 Halictus (Halictus) asperulus Pérez, 1895 Halictus (Halictus) brunnescens (Eversmann, 1852) Halictus (Halictus) candiae Ebmer, 2014 Halictus (Halictus) carinthiacus Blüthgen, 1936 Halictus (Halictus) centaureae Ebmer, 1985 Halictus (Halictus) cochlearitarsis Dours, 1872 Halictus (Halictus) eurygnathus Blüthgen, 1931 Halictus (Halictus) consobrinus Pérez, 1895 Halictus (Halictus) constantinensis Strand, 1910 Halictus (Halictus) crenicornis Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) fatsensis Blüthgen, 1936 Halictus (Halictus) frontalis Smith, 1853 Halictus (Halictus) fulvipes (Klug, 1817) Halictus (Halictus) fumatipennis Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) graecus Blüthgen, 1933 Halictus (Halictus) grossellus Ebmer, 1978 Halictus (Halictus) gruenwaldti Ebmer, 1975 Halictus (Halictus) holomelaenus Blüthgen, 1936 Halictus (Halictus) jaramielicus Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) langobardicus Blüthgen, 1944 Halictus (Halictus) luganicus Blüthgen, 1936 Halictus (Halictus) lussinicus Blüthgen, 1936 Halictus (Halictus) maculatus Smith, 1848 Halictus (Halictus) mediterranellus Strand, 1909 Halictus (Halictus) minor Morawitz, 1876 Halictus (Halictus) mucoreus Eversmann, 1852 Halictus (Halictus) nicosiae Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) patellatus Morawitz, 1873 Halictus (Halictus) pentheri Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) ponticus Blüthgen, 1934 Halictus (Halictus) pseudomucoreus Ebmer, 1975 Halictus (Halictus) pseudotetrazonius Strand, 1921 Halictus (Halictus) pyrenaeus Pérez, 1903 Halictus (Halictus) quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776) Halictus (Halictus) quadripartitus Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) resurgens Nurse, 1903 Halictus (Halictus) rossicus Ebmer, 1978 Halictus (Halictus) rubicundus (Christ, 1791) Halictus (Halictus) rufipes (Fabricius, 1793) Halictus (Halictus) sajoi Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) scabiosae (Rossi, 1790) Halictus (Halictus) senilis (Eversmann, 1852) Halictus (Halictus) sexcinctus (Fabricius, 1775) Halictus (Halictus) simplex Blüthgen, 1923 Halictus (Halictus) subsenilis Blüthgen, 1955 Halictus (Halictus) tetrazonianellus Strand, 1909 Halictus (Halictus) tetrazonius (Klug, 1817) Halictus (Halictus) toparensis Pauly & Ortiz-Sanchez, 2017 Halictus (Halictus) tridivisus Blüthgen, 1923 |
Halictus (Seladonia) cephalica (Morawitz, 1873) Halictus (Seladonia) confusa (Smith, 1853) Halictus (Seladonia) cretella Pauly & Devalez, 2015 Halictus (Seladonia) gavarnica (Pérez, 1903) Halictus (Seladonia) gemmea (Dours, 1872) Halictus (Seladonia) gemmella Pauly, 2015 Halictus (Seladonia) kessleri (Bramson, 1879) Halictus (Seladonia) leucahenea Ebmer, 1972 Halictus (Seladonia) orientana Pauly & Devalez, 2015 Halictus (Seladonia) phryganica Pauly & Devalez, 2015 Halictus (Seladonia) seladonia (Fabricius, 1794) Halictus (Seladonia) semitecta (Morawitz, 1874) Halictus (Seladonia) smaragdula (Vachal, 1895) Halictus (Seladonia) subaurata (Rossi, 1792) Halictus (Seladonia) submediterranea Pauly, 2015 Halictus (Seladonia) tumulorum (L., 1758) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) concinnus (Brullé, 1839) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) cypricus (Blüthgen, 1937) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) inpilosus (Ebmer, 1975) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) microcardia (Pérez, 1896) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) pollinosus (Sichel, 1860) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) pseudomucoreus (Ebmer, 1975) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) semiticus (Blüthgen, 1955) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) tuberculatus (Blüthgen 1924) Halictus (Vestitohalictus) vestitus (Lepeletier, 1841) |
References with identification keys for some of the species:
- Blüthgen P. 1924. Contribucion al conocimiento de las especies espanolas de 'Halictus' (Hymenoptera Apidae). Memorias de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, 11(9): 332-544.
- Ebmer A.W. 1969. Die Bienen des Genus Halictus Latr. s.l. im Grosraum von Linz (Hymenoptera Apidae). Systematik, Biogeographie, Ökologie und Biologie mit Berücksichtingung aller bisher aus Mitteleuropa bekannten Arten. Teile I-III. Naturk. Jahrb. Stadt Linz, 1969: 133-183.
- Pesenko, Y.A., Banaszak, J., Radchenko, V.G. & Cierzniak, T. 2000. Bees of the family Halictidae (excluding Sphecodes) of Poland. Bydgoszcz. 348pp.
- Amiet F., Herrmann M., Müller A. & Neumeyer R. 2001. Apidae 3. Halictus, Lasioglossum. . Fauna Helvetica. Centre Suisse de Cartographie de la faune, Neuchâtel. 208 pp.
- Falk S.J. (2015) Field Guide to the Bees of Great Britain and Ireland. Bloomsbury wildlife guides. 432 p.
Online resources:
Atlas hymenoptera (World, Europe & Belgium)
BWARS (UK)
Discover Life (World)
WestPalBees (West Palearctic)
Atlas hymenoptera (World, Europe & Belgium)
BWARS (UK)
Discover Life (World)
WestPalBees (West Palearctic)
Page contributors:
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- Adrien Perrard (Dec. 2019)
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References used to write this page:
- Michener, C.D. 2007. The Bees of the World, 2nd Edition. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
- Michez D., Rasmont P., Terzo, M., Vereecken, N. 2019. Abeilles d'Europes. Hymenoptères d'Europes, Volume 1. N.A.P. Editions.
- Nieto, A., Roberts, S. P., Kemp, J., Rasmont, P., Kuhlmann, M., García Criado, M., ... & Michez, D. 2014. European red list of bees. Luxembourg: Publication Office of the European Union, 98.
- Rasmont, P., Devalez, Jelle, Pauly, A., Michez, D. & Radchenko, V.G. 2017. Addition to the checklist of IUCN European wild bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Annales de la Société entomologique de France 53: 17-32.